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Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (or the Salesian Society, officially named the Society of St. Francis de Sales) is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in the late nineteenth century by Saint John Bosco to help poor children during the Industrial Revolution. The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". The institute is named after Francis de Sales, an early-modern bishop from Geneva.
==History==
In 1845 Don John Bosco ("Don" being a traditional Italian honorific for a priest) opened a night school for boys in Valdocco, now part of the municipality of Turin in Italy. In the following years he opened several more schools, and in 1857 drew up a set of rules for his helpers, which became the Rule of the Society of St. Francis de Sales, which Pope Pius IX approved definitively in 1873. The Society grew rapidly, with houses established in France and Argentina within a year of the Society's formal recognition. Its official print organ, the ''Salesian Bulletin,'' was first published in 1877. Over the next decade the Salesians expanded into Austria, Britain, Spain, and several countries in South America. The death of Don Bosco in 1888 did not slow the Society's growth, and by 1911 the Salesians were established throughout the world, including Colombia, China, India, South Africa, Tunisia, Venezuela and the United States. The Society continues to operate worldwide; in 2000, it counted more than 17,000 members in 2,711 houses. It is the third largest missionary organization in the world.〔(About the Salesians in Ireland )〕
The Order's members have come in for particular criticism in light of recent inquiries as to child abuse by members of the Catholic Church. In a parliamentary inquiry in Victoria, Australia, Australian professor Patrick Parkinson stated "I would say they (Order ) are not only unrepentant and defiant, they are untruthful. The lies which were told, the cover-ups, the attempts made to suppress my report, were breathtaking." The report had stated that, on attempts to extradite three of the Order's bishops to Australia, "two had been shunted off to Samoa, where the local archbishop was left totally in the dark as to the accusations that had been made against them, and the third was working in the Vatican."〔(Healing Be Damned ), ''Global Mail'', accessed 13 February 2013.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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